OBITUARY - DR. ALTAF-UR-REHMAN RAO
ABSTRACT:
Obituary: Dr. Altaf-LI~-l

POLLEN FLORA OF PAKISTAN - XXIV. PARNASSIACEAE
ABSTRACT:
Pollen morphology of 3 species of the family Parnassiaceae from Pakistan has been examined by light and scanning electron microscope. Pollen grains are usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, tricolporate. Tectum reticulate. On the basis of pollen shape 2 distinct pollen types are recognized viz., Parnassia palustris - type and Parnassia nubicola - type.

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF INULA L. (S.STR.) AND ITS ALLIED GENERA (INULEAE-COMPOSITAE) FROM PAKISTAN AND KASHMIR
ABSTRACT:
The pollen morphology of 22 species of Inula L. (s.str.) and its allied genera has been examined from Pakistan and Kashmir by light and scanning electron microscopy, Pollen grains are Usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, prolate-spheroidal rarely oblate-spheroidal, tricolporate occasionally tetracolporate, zonoaperturate, Sexine slightly thicker than nexine or as thick as nexine. Tectum echinate, spines with acute-acuminate Or rounded apices. On the basis of pollen size and tectum pattern in between spines, 3 major pollen types viz., Pollen type L Duhaldea cappa. Pollen type 11: Inula acuminata, Pollen type III: Pentanema divaricatum are recognized.

A NEW SPECIES OF ECHINOPS L., (SECT. OLIGOLEPIS BUNGE) FROM IRAN
ABSTRACT:
Perennial, up to 40-60 cm high. Stem solitary, glabrous, densely leafy, in lower part of heads pubescent, greenish-browm, above the middle with a few branches. Ail leaves herbaceous-leathery, first glabrous or loosely glandulifer, yellowish-green above, later along the nerves with appressed white arachnoid hairs, nearly white marbled, white arachnoid-villose below, along the nerves becoming glabrous or loosely arachnoid; basal leaves soon deciduous, probably very similar to the lower cauline leaves; lower cauline leaves 20 x 10 cm, oblong-lanceolate in outline, with many spines at the base, bipinnatifid, rhachis narrowly winged, becoming yellow, with 5-6 pairs of larger narrowly lanceolate distant segments, with long yellowish spines, with a very long up to 20-35 min terminal spine, leaves of branches sessile, narrowly linear in outline, with +/- 2-3 pairs of triangular - lanceolate loose lacinia, with up to 15 mm long yellow terminal spine; upper leaves on the branches much more reduced, below the heads naked. Heads cornigerous, without horns up to 4-5 cm in diameter; receptacle obconical, with raised white scares; common involucre up to 10-16 mm long, consisting of membranaceous filiform bracts, non or fringed-pectinate below, with obtriangular spiny or ciliated tip and long or short terminal spines. Lower capitulum of a head up to 24 min long; brush whitish-grey, up to 18 mm long, inner ones broadened at base, fringed - pectinate; phyllaries 14-15, glabrous, pale; outer long narrow linear, finely membranaceous, towards the tip elliptic or broadly triangular, apiculate; median narrowly lanceolate-elliptic, with short or long terminal spine; 5 innermost caudate at base, connate to above the middle in thick leathery white striate and dark brown five angled tube, with unequal lanceolate free parts. Upper capitulum of a head cornigerous up to 35-45 mm long, with glabrous and 2 long horny bracts, with very short brush, up to 4-5 mm. Corolla white or pale yellow, up to 18 mm long, with 10 min long lacinia.

CYTOTAXONOMIC STUDIES ON SOME EUPHORBIA L. (EUPHORBIACEAE) SPECIES IN TURKEY
ABSTRACT:
Some Euphorbia L., species growing in Northeast Anatolia have been investigated cytotaxonomically. Karyologic and morphologic analyses were carried out on Euphorbia helioscopia L., E, stricta L. and E. oblongifolia (C. Koch) C. Koch. Their chromosome numbers were as follows: E, helioscopia 2n = 40-42, E. stricta 2n = 10; E. oblongifolia 2n = 16.

KARYOLOGICAL STUDY ON SOME TAXA OF THE GENUS LILIUM L. (LILIACEAE)
ABSTRACT:
In the present study, the chromosome number and morphology of four Lilium L. (Liliaceae) taxa distributed in Northeast Anatolia, Turkey. were studied. Karyotype analysis was carried Out On the following taxa: L. carniolicum Bernh subsp. ponticum var. ponticum (C.Koch) Davis & Henderson and Var. artvinense (Miscz) Davis & Henderson. L. monadelphum Bieb var. szovitsianum (Fischer & Ave-Lall.) Elwes and L kesselringianum Miscz. The chromosome number was found 2n = 24 in all taxa. The karyotype analysis showed that the chromosomes of these taxa consist of median, submedian, subterminal and terminal centromere.

VALIDATION OF LEAF AREA ESTIMATION MODELS (UZCELIK-I) EVALUATED FOR SOME HORTICULTURAL PLANTS
ABSTRACT:
In this study, avocado, Lotus plum, selected persimmon (52 UN 13). Hayward kiwifruit, aubergine, pepper, cucumber, Black gape (Vitis labrusca L.), Narince (Vitis vinifera L.), redcurrant. summer squash, runner bean, Heritage red raspberry and Chester blackberry plant species were used to validate the regression equations of UZCELIK-I. The actual leaf area of the plants were Measured by PLACOM Digital Planimeter and predicted leaf area by using UZCELIK-I equations based on widest lamina width and length of leaves, The equations were validated using the residual values between predicted and measured leaf areas. R values for the relations between actual and predicted leaf areas of the tested species were found to be 0.972, 0.918, 0.983, 0.971, 0.949, 0.988, 0.966, 0.846, 0.953, 0.953. 0.943, 0.950, 0.950 and 0,925 for avocado, Lotus plum, selected persimmon (52 UN 13), Hayward kiwifruit, aubergine, pepper, cucumber, Black grape (Vitis labrusca L.), Narince (Vitis vinifera L.), red-currant, summer squash, runner bean, Heritage red raspberry and Chester blackberry, respectively.

VARIABILITY IN COWPEA GERMPLASM FOR REACTION TO VIRUS INFECTION UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS
ABSTRACT:
Ninety four cowpea germplasm accessions were evaluated tinder field conditions for viral infection, Virus disease incidence ranged from 0 to 66.6%. Based on ELISA and PCR results the following five viruses viz., cucumber Mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), bean common mosaic (BCMV), blackeye cowpea mosaic (BICMV) and cowpea aphid-borne mosaic potyviruses (CABMV) and mungbean yellow mosaic geminivirus (MYMV) were detected. Eighteen (19%), 45 (47.8%), 49 (52.1%) and 55 (58.5%) lines Out of 94 tested were found infected with CMV, BICMV, BCMV and CABMV, respectively. The natural Occurrence of BCMV, CMV and MYMV on cowpea are being reported for the first time in Pakistan. Ten accessions 27005

IDENTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE IN URDBEAN (VIGNA MUNGO) AGAINST TWO DIFFERENT VIRAL DISEASES
ABSTRACT:
In order to identify sources of resistance in urdbean (Vigna mungo)

IDENTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE IN COWPEA AGAINST BLACKEYE COWPEA MOSAIC VIRUS
ABSTRACT:
Two hundred cowpea germplasm accessions (local and exotic) were evaluated against blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (BICMV) under green house conditions by sap inoculation method. Out of 134 local accessions only two (27168 and 27192) were found resistant to BICMV, whereas 23 out of 66 were resistant from exotic material. Although resistance to BICMV has been known in cowpea, but in this study we report some additional Sources of resistance to a local virulent isolate of BICMV.

EVALUATION OF APPLE CULTIVARS TO POWDERY MILDEW
ABSTRACT:
Apple powdery mildew caused by the fungus Podosphaera leucotricha is widely spread both in fruiting orchards and in tree nurseries in Pakistan. The disease is serious in orchards grown at Murree. Powdery mildew can affect trees directly by killing fruiting spurs and causing russet on fruits. Twenty-six apple cultivars from USA

LEAF RUST DEVELOPMENT ON WHEAT CULTIVARS WITH AND WITHOUT LR. GENES
ABSTRACT:
Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) development on wheat cultivars carrying known Lr. genes viz., Blue Silver (Lr13+), Lyallpur-73 (Lr1+Lr13+), Rawal-87 (Lr26), WL-711 (Lr13+Lr15) and Pak-81 (Lr26); and those without Lr genes viz., Local White, Mexi-Pak, Morocco, Pak-70; as well as near isogenic lines carrying Lr13, Lr16, Lr26, Lr1+Lr13, Lr13+Lr26+Slow rusting genes were examined under field conditions at the CDRI, PARC, Karachi University Campus, Karachi. Wheat varieties were artificially inoculated with aqueous suspension of a mixture of urediospore (Puccinia recondita) in the last week of January when the wheat plants were 50 days old. Leaf rust development started in the second week of February 2001 on Local White, Mexi-Pak and Morocco. Development of rust on varieties carrying Lr genes delayed rust infection by 10 days under field conditions. Similarly the rate of development of rust per unit time also differed on varieties carrying different Lr genes.

SCREENING OF SORGHUM VARIEITIES AGAINST GRAIN SMUT OF SORGHUM
ABSTRACT:
Seeds of eight varieties of sorghum viz., Acchokartuho, Depar, Ghotki, Redjanpur, Rehmani, Sarakartuho, T3 and T5 collected from the ARI. Dadu were inoculated with fresh inoculum of grain smut (Sphacelotheca sorghi) and planted at CDRI field during the year 2000. Sorghum varieties varied significantly in their resistance to the disease. T3 with 10% infected heads was the most resistant whereas Rehmani with 32.6% head infection appeared to be the most susceptible followed by Sarakartuho (25.7%), Acchokartuho (21.1%), Ghotki (18.1%), Depar (12%), T5 (11.5%) and Redjanpur (11.1%). There is need to evolve high yielding disease resistant sorghum varieties for increasing sorghum grain production.

PERFORMANCE OF SUGARCANE SOMACLONES UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS AT NIA, TANDOJAM
ABSTRACT:
Thousands of somaclones regenerated front six sugarcane clones were transferred in the field after acclimatization. All the clones showed varied response to the traits Under study. Eight somaclones viz. 3 of BL4 (P36, P70 and P105) and one each of AEC81-0819 P5, AEC81-8415 P8, AEC82-1026 P5, AEC80-4725 PI and AEC80-2046 P8 were selected and advanced to the preliminary yield trial for further evaluation, The data on components of cane yield and sugar yield Were recoded. Somaclone AEC80-2046 P8 gave significantly higher cane yield than check L 116 and was at par with BL4.

THE DINOFLAGELLATE GENUS AMPHISOLENIA STEIN FROM NORTH ARABIAN SEA SHELF OF PAKISTAN
ABSTRACT:
The present paper reports nine species of the dinoflagellate genus Amphisolenia Stein from, the North Arabian Sea shelf of Pakistan. three of which viz., Amphisolenia schroederi Kofoid, 4 thrinax Schutt and A. truncata Kofoid et Michener are new records in the area.

THE PHYTOPLANKTON OF LAKE BUYUKCEKMECE, ISTANBUL, TURKEY
ABSTRACT:
Phytoplankton samples were taken fortnightly from alkaline and oligotrophic Lake Buyukcekmece,Marmara region, Turkey during 1996-1998. A total of 65 phytoplankton taxa belonging to Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Cryptophyceae were encountered. Bacillariophyceae was dominant among the phytoplankton groups. Cyclotella ocellata Pantocsek, Navicula gracilis Ehrenberg, Cocconeis placentula Ehrenberg and Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) W. Smith were found to be widespread. Seasonal development of phytoplankton is characterized by a definite spring peak followed by a moderate summer peak. The relationship between abiotic factors and the dynamics of phytoplankton is discussed.