PJB-2010-454
INFLUENCE OF GARLIC ROOT EXUDATES ON CYTO-MORPHOLOGICAL ALTERATION OF THE HYPHAE OF PHYTOPHTHORA CAPSICI, THE CAUSE OF PHYTOPHTHORA BLIGHT IN PEPPER
MUHAMMAD AZAM KHAN AND CHENG ZHIHUI
Abstract
Studies were carried out under In vitro conditions to investigate the inhibition effect of garlic root exudates on the hyphae of Phytophthora capsici and some other specific observations were made using scanning and transmission electron microscope (SEM & TEM) to detect the possible alteration in growth, shape and cell structure of the pathogen affected by the use of garlic root exudates. Four concentrations of garlic root exudates i.e., 0.02% w/v, 0.04% w/v, 0.06% w/v and 0.08% w/v were used. It was noticed that mycelial growth of P. capsici was significantly effected by garlic root exudates and reduction in mycelial growth was found directly proportional to the increase in exudates concentration. The maximum inhibition (%) in growth of P. capsici was observed at 0.08% w/v garlic root exudates when compared with the control. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed cyto-morphological alteration of hyphae treated with garlic root exudates. Exudates-treated hyphae reflected alteration in their growth pattern and were found either collapsed, damaged or thinner when compared with control. During Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a general increase in vacuolization was observed with consequent reduction of cytoplasm of the treated fungal cells. These results suggest that use of garlic root exudates is a promising, effective and environment-friendly management measure against Phytophthora blight of pepper and thus, may be used in the production of organically grown vegetables.
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