PJB-2011-400
EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC PLANT EXTRACTS ON THREE STORAGE GRAIN PESTS OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
FARKHANDA MANZOOR1, GHAZALA NASIM2*, SADIA SAIF1, SAADIYA ASMA MALIK1,
Abstract
Screening of plant extracts from wild species of plants for insecticidal properties could lead to the discovery of new agents for pest control. Keeping this in view, the ethanolic extracts of five plants leaves Bakain (Melia azedarach), Mint (Mentha longifolia), Habulas (Myrtus communis), Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and Datura (Datura stramonium) were tested against three stored grain pests viz., Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Saw-Toothed Grain Beetle), Tribolium castaneum. Herbst (Red Flour Beetle) and Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Gram Dhora). The results revealed that all of the tested materials had repellent and lethal effects against the tested pests as compared to untreated check. The extracts were mixed with grain 10mg/g of grains. Comparison of test plant extracts on Oryzaephilus surinamensis showed that Habulas extracts were the most effective causing 50.71% mortality. Datura showed maximum mortality of (21.43%) in Tribolium castaneum and when percentage mortality of different plants extracts on Callosobruchus chinensis was compared, it was seen that Habulas caused highest (63.94%) mortality. Present study also revealed that all the treatments significantly deterred / repelled the tested insects. Lemon grass showed maximum repellency of 39.75% against Oryzaephilus surinamensis. Habulas extract showed maximum repellency of 64.05% against Tribolium castaneum and Datura extract showed maximum (31.67%) repellency against Callosobruchus chinensis. The results of thin layer chromatography (TLC) also showed that two components were detected in Lemon grass extract, four components in Mint extract and two components in Habulas extract. From Datura and Bakain, three components are detected respectively in the ethanol extractive.
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