PJB-1999-35
HEAT STRESS TOLERANCE STUDIES IN CALLUS CULTURES OF GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUML. CV. ACALA SJ2.
LAL HUSSAIN AKHTAR, JOHN GORHAM*, MASOOD AKHTAR, MUHAMMAD SAFDAR AND MUHAMMAD ASLAM
Abstract
Heat stress tolerance was studied in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Callus cultures of two cotton cultivars viz., Coker 312 (cotyledonary-derived) and Acala SJ2 (leaf and petiole-derived) showed significant stimulation in growth at stress temperature of 44 °C for 2 hours after 2 days of pre-incubation at 28 °C followed by 26 days of incubation at 28 °C. Reduction in callus growth at 47 and 50 °C was higher in Acala SJ2 compared to Coker 312. Petiole-derived callus exhibited more heat tolerance than leaf-derived callus. At 50 °C callus tissue turned brown. The relative significance of increases in growth rate at 44 °C and drastic reduction in growth rate at temperatures above 44 °C is discussed in the light of heat induced production of proline, glycinebetaine, heat-shock proteins and killing of some viruses which have been reported to protect plant tissues from damage caused by heat stress.
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