PJB-2017-108
WATER DEFICIT INDUCED PHYSIOLOGICAL AND YIELD RESPONSES IN ORYZA SATIVA L.
AISHA SHEREEN, A. CHACHER, M. ARIF, S. MUMTAZ, M.U. SHIRAZI AND M.A. KHAN
Abstract
Drought is a serious constraint for rice growth, affecting about 50% of world rice productivity. The yield losses are more severe when drought strikes at flowering stage. Identification of tolerant genotype is urgently needed for the improvement of crop productivity. Under such conditions it requires understanding of physiological strategies adopted by plant to offset the stress. Experiments were conducted using five rice genotypes to study some physiological parameters [i.e. relative water contents (RWC), osmotic potential (OP), proline, total soluble sugars, leaf area, chlorophyll] contributing to yield responses under water stress (aerobic) conditions. Drought tolerant check (IR-04L191) has shown least reduction in grain weight. Among the tested genotypes, comparatively high grain weight was produced by IR83140-B-28-B followed by HHZ-5-Sal 10- DT1 - DT1 under water stress conditions. In addition the genotype HHZ-5-Sal 10- DT1- DT1 and IR 04L 191 also exhibited higher increases in proline and RWC compared to other genotypes. Chlorophyll concentrations and Leaf area were least affected in three tolerant genotypes (IR 83140-B-28-B, IR-72 and HHZ-5-Sal 10- DT1- DT1). Correlation studies under water stress conditions have shown strong negative correlation between RWC and OP. whereas, the parameters of proline (r= 0. 515), potassium (r= 0.802) and TSS (r = 0.617) were positively related with grain weight. Therefore physiological traits such as RWC, proline, potassium, leaf area and chlorophyll may be incorporated along with yield traits in rice screening programmes for water stress tolerance.
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