PJB-2018-918
Effects of herbicide drift on chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant enzyme levels of various types of fruit trees
Qiuli Li, Zhifeng Wei, Dengtao Gao, Peng Si, Huili Yu and Junwei Liu
Abstract
We studied the effects of glyphosate and glufosinate-ammonium (GLA) herbicides on the photosynthetic and antioxidant enzyme capacities in the leaves of various non-target fruit species that are sometimes subjected to herbicide drift. Glyphosate is a slow-acting systemic herbicide and GLA a new, nonselective contact (non-conducting) herbicide. Glyphosate and GLA were sprayed (at the recommended doses) onto 1-year-old saplings of ‘Fuji’ apple (Malus pumila Mill.), ‘Chunmi’ peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch), and ‘Summer Black’ grape (Vitis vinifera L. ´ Vitis labrusca L.) growing in the Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Glyphosate and GLA triggered distinct injuries at different times, and greatly reduced the Soil-Plant Analyses Development (SPAD) readings of apple, peach, and grape leaves. Both herbicides reduced photosystem II efficiencies under light conditions, increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and increased the levels of malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme levels. The chlorophyll fluorescence transients differed greatly between sprayed fruit trees and control. GLA reduced the performance indices (the PIABS values) of apple, peach, and grape leaves by 14.89%, 15.53%, and 18.05%, respectively; the glyphosate-induced reductions were 68.33%, 30.41%, and 8.20%. Thus, photosystem II activity was reduced by glyphosate and GLA application in all three trees, associated with reduced antioxidant enzyme levels. All species were less susceptible to glyphosate than GLA and the apple was less susceptible than the peach and grape. However, no tree recovered from glyphosate-induced injury, whereas apple and peach (but not grape) trees recovered from GLA-induced injury.
To Cite this article:
Li, Q., Z. Wei, D. Gao, P. Si, H. Yu and J. Liu. 2021. Effects of herbicide drift on chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant enzyme levels of various types of fruit trees. Pak. J. Bot., 53(3): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2021-3(18)
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